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Biometrical Techniques in Plant Breeding: An Overview
Biometrical techniques are statistical methods that are used to analyze the genetic variation and inheritance of quantitative traits in plants. Quantitative traits are those that are influenced by many genes and environmental factors, such as yield, height, disease resistance, etc. Biometrical techniques help plant breeders to estimate the genetic parameters, such as heritability, genetic variance, gene action, and genotype-environment interaction, that are essential for designing and evaluating breeding programs.
Some of the common biometrical techniques in plant breeding are:
Analysis of variance (ANOVA): A technique that partitions the total variation of a trait into different sources, such as treatments, blocks, replications, genotypes, environments, etc. ANOVA helps to test the significance of the effects of different factors and to compare the means of different groups.
Regression analysis: A technique that describes the relationship between a dependent variable (e.g., yield) and one or more independent variables (e.g., rainfall, fertilizer, etc.). Regression analysis helps to estimate the slope and intercept of the regression line, the coefficient of determination (R), and the significance of the regression.
Correlation analysis: A technique that measures the strength and direction of the linear association between two variables (e.g., yield and quality). Correlation analysis helps to estimate the correlation coefficient (r), which ranges from -1 to 1, and to test its significance.
Diallel analysis: A technique that involves crossing a set of parents in all possible combinations and evaluating their progeny for a trait. Diallel analysis helps to estimate the general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) of the parents and their crosses, which reflect their additive and non-additive genetic effects, respectively.
Line x tester analysis: A technique that involves crossing a set of lines with a set of testers and evaluating their progeny for a trait. Line x tester analysis helps to estimate the GCA of the lines and testers and the SCA of their crosses.
Multivariate analysis: A technique that involves analyzing multiple traits simultaneously. Multivariate analysis helps to estimate the genetic diversity, cluster analysis, principal component analysis, canonical analysis, etc.
Biometrical techniques in plant breeding are useful for understanding the genetic basis of quantitative traits, selecting superior genotypes, predicting the performance of new combinations, and improving the efficiency and accuracy of breeding programs.
If you want to learn more about biometrical techniques in plant breeding, you can download some pdf books from these links:
Statistical and Biometrical Techniques in Plant Breeding by Jawahar R. Sharma
Applications of Biometrical Techniques in Plant Breeding by Prasanta Kumar Majhi
Biometrical Approaches in Plant Breeding by Vivek K. Singh et al. 061ffe29dd